CVE-2026-104437 PUBLISHED

Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling

Assigner: VulnCheck
Reserved: 02.10.2026 Published: 02.10.2026 Updated: 02.10.2026

Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASH_SINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts and templates via getblocktemplate, producing blocks zcashd rejects.

CVSS Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS Score: 8.3

Exploitability Metrics		Vulnerable System Impact Metrics		Subsequent System Impact Metrics
Attack Vector	Network	Confidentiality	None	Confidentiality	None
Attack Complexity	Low	Integrity	High	Integrity	None
Attack Requirements	Present	Availability	High	Availability	None
Privileges Required	None
User Interaction	None

CVSS 4.0

CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
CVSS Score: 7.4

Attack Vector	Network	Scope	Unchanged
Attack Complexity	High	Confidentiality Impact	None
Privileges Required	None	Integrity Impact	High
User Interaction	None	Availability Impact	High

CVSS 3.1

Product Status

Vendor	ZcashFoundation
Product	zebra
Versions	Default: unaffected affected from 0 to 4.4.0 (excl.) Version 4.4.0 is unaffected

CVE-2026-104437 PUBLISHED

Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling

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Product Status

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Problem Types