Eclipse Kura downloads deployment packages (DPs) from a remote URL without any limit on the size of the data it receives. A malicious or compromised HTTP(S) server, or an attacker able to tamper with a plain-HTTP download, can stream an arbitrarily large (or endless) response. Kura writes the response to local storage until the filesystem is full. On gateways the temporary directory is often a RAM-backed tmpfs, so this can also exhaust memory. The result is denial of service of the device: failed configuration persistence, failed logging and possible crashes of the framework or other services.
The same missing size limit is present in the REST upload endpoint POST /deploy/v2/_upload, which copies the request body to the temporary directory with no limit.
Workarounds: only install DPs from trusted HTTPS sources, restrict who can install packages (Web UI kura.packages.admin permission, REST kura.permission.rest.deploy, cloud DEPLOY-V2 access).