CVE-2026-16732 PUBLISHED

fastify vulnerable to X-Forwarded-* spoofing under trustProxy hop-count

Assigner: openjs
Reserved: 23.07.2026 Published: 18.08.2026 Updated: 18.08.2026

fastify is a fast and low overhead web framework for Node.js. Impact: the fix for CVE-2026-3635 added a guard on the forwarded-header reads used to derive the request host, protocol, hostname, ip, and ips values, checking the connecting address. That guard closes the IP, CIDR, and custom-function forms of trustProxy correctly, because those forms compile to predicates that inspect the connecting address. The hop-count form, where trustProxy is set to a number, compiles to a predicate that structurally ignores the address, so the guard is always satisfied for any hop count of one or more. Applications configured with a numeric trustProxy value, such as trustProxy set to 1 for a single reverse proxy, remain vulnerable: an attacker who can reach the Fastify origin directly, bypassing the front-facing proxy, can spoof the forwarded request fields exactly as in the unpatched version. The impact class matches the parent CVE-2026-3635, including host injection in generated URLs, HTTPS-enforcement bypass, secure-cookie and CSRF-origin bypass, and host-based routing and cache poisoning. Affected versions are fastify from 5.8.3 up to but not including 5.12.1. Patches: patched in fastify 5.12.1, where the numeric form of trustProxy is disabled at runtime and removed from the TypeScript type union. Workarounds: migrate to an IP, CIDR, or custom-function trustProxy value that validates the connecting address, and ensure the Fastify origin is only reachable through the trusted proxy chain.

Metrics

CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
CVSS Score: 6.1

Product Status

Vendor fastify
Product fastify
Versions Default: unaffected
  • affected from 5.8.3 to 5.12.1 (excl.)
  • Version 5.12.1 is unaffected

Credits

  • alimony reporter
  • mcollina remediation developer
  • climba03003 remediation reviewer
  • UlisesGascon remediation reviewer

References

Problem Types

  • CWE-348: Use of Less Trusted Source CWE