CVE-2026-41523 PUBLISHED

vLLM: Security Check Bypass via assert Statement in Activation Function Loading Allows Arbitrary Code Execution

Assigner: GitHub_M
Reserved: 20.04.2026 Published: 22.06.2026 Updated: 23.06.2026

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). Prior to 0.22.0, an assert-based security check in vLLM's activation function loading allows any unauthenticated attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution on the server by publishing a malicious HuggingFace model, when vLLM runs in Python optimized mode (python -O or PYTHONOPTIMIZE=1). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.22.0.

Metrics

CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS Score: 7.5

Product Status

Vendor vllm-project
Product vllm
Versions
  • Version < 0.22.0 is affected

References

Problem Types

  • CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') CWE
  • CWE-617: Reachable Assertion CWE