CVE-2026-52735 PUBLISHED

ZEBRA: Consensus divergence via P2SH sigop undercount in pure-Rust disabled-opcode parser

Assigner: GitHub_M
Reserved: 08.06.2026 Published: 18.08.2026 Updated: 18.08.2026

ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to 4.5.0, Zebra can accept a block that zcashd rejects because the P2SH signature-operation counter undercounts redeem scripts containing a disabled opcode followed by signature opcodes. In zebra-script/src/lib.rs, p2sh_input_sigop_count used the pure-Rust script::Code::sig_op_count path, whose try_fold parser stops at disabled opcodes such as OP_CODESEPARATOR and returns only the partial count accumulated before the error. The zcashd reference implementation continues static signature-operation counting through disabled opcodes, so an attacker can broadcast P2SH spends that Zebra counts below MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS while zcashd counts above the 20,000-operation limit. If a Zebra miner includes those transactions, Zebra validators accept the block while zcashd validators reject it, creating a consensus chain split that affects network integrity and availability without requiring the attacker to produce a block. This issue is fixed in version 4.5.0.

Metrics

CVSS Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H
CVSS Score: 9.3

Product Status

Vendor ZcashFoundation
Product zebra
Versions
  • Version < 4.5.0 is affected

References

Problem Types

  • CWE-684: Incorrect Provision of Specified Functionality CWE