CVE-2026-72491 PUBLISHED

net/9p: fix race condition on rdma->state in trans_rdma.c

Assigner: Linux
Reserved: 09.08.2026 Published: 15.08.2026 Updated: 17.08.2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/9p: fix race condition on rdma->state in trans_rdma.c

The rdma->state field is modified without holding req_lock in both recv_done() and p9_cm_event_handler(), while rdma_request() accesses the same field under the req_lock spinlock. This inconsistent locking creates a race condition:

  • recv_done() running in softirq completion context sets rdma->state = P9_RDMA_FLUSHING without acquiring req_lock

  • p9_cm_event_handler() modifies rdma->state at multiple points (ADDR_RESOLVED, ROUTE_RESOLVED, ESTABLISHED, CLOSED) without req_lock

  • rdma_request() uses spin_lock_irqsave(&rdma->req_lock, flags) to protect the read-modify-write of rdma->state

The race can cause lost state transitions: recv_done() or the CM event handler could set state to FLUSHING/CLOSED while rdma_request() is concurrently checking or modifying state under the lock, leading to the FLUSHING transition being silently overwritten by CLOSING. This corrupts the connection state machine and can cause use-after-free on RDMA request objects during teardown.

Fix by adding req_lock protection to all rdma->state modifications in recv_done() and p9_cm_event_handler(), matching the pattern already used in rdma_request(). Use spin_lock_irqsave/spin_unlock_irqrestore in the CM event handler since it can race with recv_done() which runs in softirq context.

Tested with a kernel module that races two threads (simulating rdma_request and recv_done/CM handler) on rdma->state with proper locking: 5.5M+ FLUSHING writes over 27M iterations with 0 lost transitions.

Metrics

CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS Score: 9.8

AV:N - The 9p RDMA client processes RDMA receive completions and CM disconnect events from the remote peer in recv_done() and p9_cm_event_handler(); a malicious or compromised 9p server over RoCE/iWARP can trigger err_out and concurrent teardown without local access. AC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race by sending malformed 9p RDMA replies to drive recv_done() into err_out while forcing disconnects and concurrent rdma_request() error paths; no uncontrollable memory layout or rare victim state is required. PR:N - A remote malicious 9p RDMA server needs no credentials on the victim kernel; HPC clusters and virtio-9p backends with persistent trans=rdma mounts let the server alone time malformed replies against in-flight client requests. UI:N - No per-attack victim action is needed on existing 9p RDMA mounts—automated workloads, parallel I/O, and server-initiated RDMA disconnects concurrently reach recv_done() and rdma_request() during normal filesystem operation. S:U - Impact is kernel heap corruption and local privilege escalation within the victim kernel security domain; UAF on p9_req_t during RDMA teardown does not cross VM, container, or IOMMU isolation boundaries. C:H - Lost FLUSHING state transitions corrupt the connection teardown state machine and cause use-after-free on RDMA request (p9_req_t) objects; UAF provides attacker-influenced freed-heap contents usable for arbitrary kernel memory disclosure. I:H - Corrupted rdma->state frees in-flight p9_req_t structures while send_done() and p9_client_cb() still hold references, enabling heap grooming and arbitrary kernel write or control-flow hijack primitives. A:H - Use-after-free during RDMA request teardown causes kernel oops or panic when dangling p9_req_t objects are accessed, and state-machine corruption alone can hang or crash the 9p RDMA transport.

Product Status

Vendor Linux
Product Linux
Versions Default: unaffected
  • affected from 473c7dd1d7b59ff8f88a5154737e3eac78a96e5b to 4cee2b8766045059d5e0b8114837b4a8efe827ac (excl.)
  • affected from 473c7dd1d7b59ff8f88a5154737e3eac78a96e5b to 5424138848eb7d7d8a7196676e90a2cbf2142454 (excl.)
  • affected from 473c7dd1d7b59ff8f88a5154737e3eac78a96e5b to 3970a19a80de530b801b6256354d4a529a9a2d6c (excl.)
  • affected from 473c7dd1d7b59ff8f88a5154737e3eac78a96e5b to 8aadc136d8e8d8fc95d7982d213cfe2234dfcf2b (excl.)
  • affected from 473c7dd1d7b59ff8f88a5154737e3eac78a96e5b to 151f8cf5b23d8a534d884432a82a6d54d5a61989 (excl.)
  • affected from 473c7dd1d7b59ff8f88a5154737e3eac78a96e5b to 13bf9879b778b2f4b260b45bed18f31806120d1e (excl.)
  • affected from 473c7dd1d7b59ff8f88a5154737e3eac78a96e5b to ebbcbe5c0db215feecc17def06178da443f4eea6 (excl.)
  • affected from 473c7dd1d7b59ff8f88a5154737e3eac78a96e5b to 7d54894a1ee265a72d70f7cae1da6cc774cccc71 (excl.)
  • Version 3479b3c35e82ed10aa0ca2ee9e78c4eded06ba62 is affected
  • Version c01ddaa54d7411e964ffd250c018d8469c5852f2 is affected
  • Version 9e69c673fe077b8dc491cd8406c9bdcb1f76dee2 is affected
  • Version e48e7e27e4dfd00c81e0381e7cee610cce021452 is affected
  • affected from 4.4.185 to 4.5 (excl.)
  • affected from 4.9.185 to 4.10 (excl.)
  • affected from 4.14.132 to 4.15 (excl.)
  • affected from 4.19.57 to 4.20 (excl.)
Vendor Linux
Product Linux
Versions Default: affected
  • Version 4.20 is affected
  • unaffected from 0 to 4.20 (excl.)
  • unaffected from 5.10.261 to 5.10.* (incl.)
  • unaffected from 5.15.212 to 5.15.* (incl.)
  • unaffected from 6.1.178 to 6.1.* (incl.)
  • unaffected from 6.6.145 to 6.6.* (incl.)
  • unaffected from 6.12.97 to 6.12.* (incl.)
  • unaffected from 6.18.40 to 6.18.* (incl.)
  • unaffected from 7.1.5 to 7.1.* (incl.)
  • unaffected from 7.2 to * (incl.)

References