XML::Sig versions before 0.71 for Perl allow signature wrapping via duplicate ID.
_get_signed_xml() in lib/XML/Sig.pm, called from verify(), resolves the SignedInfo Reference/@URI to a node with the XPath expression "//*[@ID='$id']" and returns the first node of the resulting node set. A document in which two elements share that ID value is accepted: the digest and signature are checked against whichever element comes first in document order, and the duplicate is not detected.
Such a document verifies successfully while an application that resolves the same ID independently can read the second, attacker supplied element; in a SAML2 context this places the contents of an Assertion under attacker control.
Signing the outermost <samlp:Response> element rather than only the inner <saml:Assertion> reduces exposure, but does not prevent wrapping variants in which the duplicate ID is introduced outside the signed element. Upgrading to 0.71 is the complete fix.